FORM 9

Thursday, January 30, 2025

Wednesday, January 22, 2025

Poetry

Thursday, January 16, 2025

Relative Clauses

In English language there are 7 types of clauses, relative clauses are amongst them. (relative clause = relatiivlause e. kõrvallause, mis enamasti laiendab pealause nimisõnafraasi.)

A relative clause gives additional information about a noun, a pronoun or a verb. They contain relative pronouns:

who (whom) = PEOPLE

which = THINGS

whose = POSSESSIONS

when = TIME

where = PLACE

what = VERBS

that = PEOPLE or THINGS (it's a relative adverb)

Words who / which /that can be omitted if they act as objects. Don't use commas in relative clauses, but you have to use them in non-relative / non-defining sentences. In formal language WHOM is often used instead of who or who to

Examples

1) This the man who helped me in the accident. (the man = subject, therefore the pronoun who can't be omitted. It is a relative clause => no commas needed. )

2) The car (that) I bought last year broke down. ( the car = object, therefore the pronoun that can be omitted.)

3) The house, whose roof was damaged, is being repaired. (the house = subject, therefore the pronoun can't be omitted. It's a non-defining relative clause => commas are needed.)

PS! subject - alus, object - sihitis

The easiest way to check whether a sentence is a non-defining relative clause => read the sentence without clause and a non-defining clause makes another independent sentence.

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How to change formal sentences into less formal? Which relative pronoun is more formal: which or that, who / that, whom / who to?

1) The car in which we drove to London belongs to my mum.

2) This is the address to which you should write.

3) The exam about which I'm worried is on Monday.

4) Chris is the friend with whom I went to Italy.

5) The man about whom I told you is over there.

6) Who is the girl to whom you were talking?

Wednesday, January 15, 2025

Gadgets

GADGETS

Bluetooth headset / VR headset

(Bluetooth) smartspeaker / wireless speaker

camcoder

digital radio

games console

memory stick

SatNav

smartphone

smartwatch

tablet

digital / action camera

e-book reader

Blu-ray player

digital photo frame

hard disk / hard drive recorder

solar-powered battery charger

drone

wearable fitness tracker

home assistant hub

webcam

Describing gadgets

convenient, expensive, out-of-date,

inexpensive, efficient, fragile, durable,

reliable, useful, modern, nifty, futuristic,

novel, improved, advanced, innumerable,

handy, portable, wireless, complicated,

user-friendly, compact, versatile,

visually appealing,

1) Which adjectives are about AGE?

2) .... usage or functions?

3) .... price or cost?

4) ...appearance?

5) ....positive?

6) .... negative?

Thursday, January 9, 2025

IT-technology

Click here: Computer words

Was it too easy? Click here: Computer words 2

And this one (for true IT geeks): Computer words 3

Social media vocabulary: liveworksheets

Social media: matching

Social media: pros and cons

Tech support: conversation and grammar questions

Tuesday, December 10, 2024

Inventions

Task 1: Discuss in your group what the greatest inventions of all times are. List down 14.

Task 2: Which ones were listed on this website?

Task 3: Find information and prepare a short presentation

1) Who invented the vaccine?

2) The steam engine?
3) electric battery?
4) fridge?
5) steel?
6) electric bulb?
7) airplane?
8) the Internet?
9) penicillin?
10) printing press?
11) car?
12) nuclear fission / energy?
13) plastics?
14) vacuum cleaner?

15) clock

Who invented it? (add photo)
When and how? (How long was the process? What stages were there?)
At least 5 interesting facts about the inventor (life, education, other inventions etc).
Your opinion: What has the invention given us? Explain its importance.
Find a relevant video and prepare showing max 2 min of it.